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The new Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) came into existence in the United Kingdom on 1 April 2003. The new agency is the result of the merger of the Medicines Control Agency and the Medical Devices Agency.

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Our goal is to provide our readers with a complete, in depth introduction to surgical diseases of the nervous system that is accessible and understandable even if you do not have a background in science or medicine.

Cardiologist

Cardiologist

 

 


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Cardiology is a medical specialty dealing with disorders of the heart. The field includes diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart defects, coronary artery disease, heart failure, valvular heart disease and electrophysiology. Physicians specializing in this field of medicine are called cardiologists. Cardiologists should not be confused with cardiac surgeons, cardiothoracic and cardiovascular, who are surgeons who perform cardiac surgery via sternotomy - open operative procedures on the heart and great vessels.

The term cardiology is derived from the Greek word καρδιά (transliterated as kardia and meaning heart or inner self).

Cardiac pacemaker (Electrical system of the heart)

* Electrical conduction system of the heart
   o Action potential
   + Ventricular action potential
* Sinoatrial node
* Atrioventricular node
* Bundle of His
* Purkinje fibers
* Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction)

Basic cardiac physiology

* Systole
* Diastole
* Heart sounds
* Preload
* Afterload
* Kussmaul's signature

Disorders of the coronary circulation

* Atherosclerosis
* Restenosis
* Coronary heart disease (Ischaemic heart disease, Coronary artery disease)
* Acute coronary syndrome
   o Angina
   o Myocardial infarction (Heart attack)

Disorders of the heart valves

* Aortic valve disorders
    o Aortic insufficiency
    o Aortic stenosis
    o Aortic valve replacement
    o Aortic valve repair
    o Aortic valvuloplasty
* Mitral valve disorders
    o Mitral valve prolapse
    o Mitral regurgitation
    o Mitral stenosis
    o Mitral valve replacement
    o Mitral valve repair
    o Mitral valvuloplasty
* Pulmonary valve disorders
    o Congenital pulmonic stenosis
* Tricuspid valve disorders

*
    o Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW syndrome)